“The
world's population in 10,000 BCE, according to one careful estimate,
was roughly 4 million. A full five thousand years later, in 5,000
BCE, it had risen only to 5 million. This hardly represents a
population expansion, despite the civilizational achievements of the
Neolithic revolution: sedentism and agriculture. Over the subsequent
five thousand years, by contrast, world population would grow
twentyfold, to more than 100 million. ...”
;
“The
diseases of sedentism and crowding in the late Neolithic were
compounded by an increasingly agricultural diet, deficient in many
essential nutrients. One's chances of surviving an epidemic disease,
other things equal, especially as an infant or a pregnant woman,
depended very much on one's nutritional status. The extremely high
rates of mortality for infants (40-50 percent) among most early
agriculturalists was a result of a conjuncture of a diet that
weakened the vulnerable with new infectious diseases that carried
them off.
[...]
Much
of the malnutrition detected in what we might call 'agricultural
woman' – for women, owing to blood loss with menses, were the most
severely affected – seems to be due to iron deficiency.
Preagricultural women had a diet that supplied abundant amounts of
omega-6 and omega-3 fatty acids derived from game, fish, and certain
plant oils. These fatty acids are important because they facilitate
the uptake of iron necessary for the formation of oxygen-carrying red
blood cells. Cereal diets, by contrast, not only lack the essential
fatty acids but actually inhibit the uptake of iron. The result of
the first increasingly intensive cereal diets in the late Neolithic
(wheat, barley, millet) was therefore the appearance of
irondeficiency anemia, leaving an unmistakable forensic bone
signature.
Most
of the added vulnerability to novel infections seems due to a
relatively high and narrow carbohydrate diet without much in the way
of wild foods and meat. ...“
;
Scott, (2017) - Against
the Grain.
A Deep History of
the Earliest States.
(;p.
96, 107-9)
;
“One
of the most under studied thing about feedback loop of climate change
is in urban systems.” - (Shaurya
Patel), ...on a Tweet
(Twitter, Apr 2022)
 |
[PIC] ; Nemi.
|
;
"...Is
it impossible to grow food and support nature in the same time ? I
would argue that we can do both: that we can have our cake (or
carrot) and eat it. I would go further, and argue that that if we
keep pursuing ever more intensive, industrial farming, with a focus
on maximising yields, we will wipe out not just nature but ultimately
ourselves, for our very survival depends upon a healthy environment.
[...]
If
one looks at the bigger picture, modern farming is part of a
staggeringly inefficient, cruel and environmentally damaging
food-supply system. Globally, we grow roughly three times as many
calories as we need to feed the human population, but about one-third
of those calories are wasted, and another third is fed to animals
(most of them kept indoors in crowded, inhumane conditions). If we
combine the area of pastures used for grazing with that used for
growing arable crops that are fed to animals, then three-quarters of
all world's farmland is used to produce meat and dairy products. With
the remaining one quarter we overproduce grains and oils...
[to produce] unhealthy, carbohydrate- and fat-rich
processed foods – pasta, pizza, oastry, cakes, biscuits and so on -
...
Ideally,
what would we want from our food production system ? First, and
foremost, we need to grow enough food so that there is enough for
everyone to have a nutritious diet, ensure that it is distributed so
that all have access to it, and somehow also make sure everyone can
afford it. Secondly, this system needs to be sustainable
indefinitely. It cannot be driving climate change, resulting in
deterioration of soils, polluting streams and rivers, or causing
declines of pollinators and wildlife. I have already touched upon the
'sharing-sparing' debate, in which 'sharers' advocate trying to
integrate growing food with supporting biodiversity, while 'sparers'
argue for farming some areas as intensively as possible to maximise
yield so that as much land as possible can be set aside for nature.
Our current system is closer to latter than the former: a high
input-output system that continues to degrade the global environment
in a way that is clearly not sustainable. We attempt to conserve the
nature in isolated pockets of 'spared' land – nature reserves –
but nature is still in rapid retreat. ...
[...]
Another
way we might choose to steer farming is towards sprinkling in a
little biodiversity around the edges. For several decades we have
explored this approach: in the EU, subsides are available to farmers
to support them in implementing agri-environmental schemes such as
planting wildflower strips or bird-food strips along field margins,
leaving small nesting plots for skylarks in arable lands, and so on
(by contrast in the USA negligible funding is available for such
schemes.) ...
...I
also suspect that there is a fundamental flaw in the notion of
creating areas for nature immediately adjacent to crops that are
repeatedly sprayed with pesticides and liberally sprinkled with
fertilizers. Sprays drift into the flowers, and pesticides used as
seed dressings contaminate the soil. I would argue that we need more
profound change to the way we grow food.
Perhaps
a more attractive option would be to encourage more organic farming,
to reduce pesticide burden on the environment. Organic comprises a
relatively small proportion of European farming, at 7 per cent of the
total farmed area, with Austria leading the way at 23 per cent and
the UK near the bottom of the list at just 3 per cent. There is clear
evidence that organic farms tend to have healthier soils that store
more carbon, and also that they support more plant, insect, mammal
and bird life than conventional farms, so why not have more organic
farming ? ...”
; Goulson
(2021) - Silent Earth:
Averting the Insect Apocalypse.
(;p. 257,258,259, 261-2.) ; of the chpt 'The
future of farming'
...My
free-times closer by the ends last year were divided between the
skis and, as usual, number of reads.
'Mens
sana in corpore sano...' ;
In combined, think I've
been pretty buzy this Spring (or during from that mentioned time and
till by now...). As also usual to me, I've now from the Spring-season
coming spent relative much time in the garden. ; Or, most part that
consisted from the time spent with a fewsome cultivates intended for
being grown in a garden, during the present Summer. But more about
those at the ends from this post. Actually...not having near that
many cultivations as I used to, on some previous years. (It didn't
particularly disturb me – As we've also by this year had the
unusual cold begins preceding the Summer Months. It's still keeping,
maybe, only about +15 to 20 degrees during by day, on the most days.)
;
Then, I've actually by numerous times began these writes – But most
often discovered myself either too exhausted or burdened by those
said other things for devoting much on anything like this. (So I
decided actually take some time w. all those other tasks and doings
of mine.)
...Given
the aspect 'bout the countless 'told-you-so's during the prev years
and of this season - It's not either any too sure for how soon I'll
return on the writings here, from the 'more so'. Or, let us just say,
given the felt persistence to thinkin' sort that not else matters but
what you are (expected,) for believing...So it tends, probably,
sometimes seem to quite worthless from me continuing these writes of
any too intensively.
(On
the other hand) ; Guess'll from had also written to so much even
without any proper effort(/time) often taken from prepare anything by
adequate, by the recent, so any too lenghty writes now even not feels
to very...feasible. ; I mean, an argument is only a real argument
(,or for any real worth) as much as you don't borrow it from elsew. ;
And much as I think most for the citates offered on here writings
been 'all' - or almost all to those - well in their place - It's
still for the most part so only due because I rarely had any chances
of to try concentrate and filter those adequate thorough. (Ie, to
express most of the offered in my own words, or as anything put
aforth purely as my own texts. Like said, not from that I'd come
think those as any less good selections, overall...) --------
...By
the last Winter spent more of my time on skis than fx on any my
writes.
Knowing
myself that a not very surprising finding. (Like noted, I've probably
wrote much by these recent years without any real intention in from
to prepare smght, or anything too much to that beforehand.)
[PIC], beside: Yoko Tsuno (and, a cat) ; From Yoko Tsuno-comics ; 'La Frontiére de la Vie' - via NonStopBooks - vol 4, on 1970s. ; (Timing was...of slightly modified.)
...Originally
thought for at this place to had discussed bit more on about any (my)
experiences of skiing in the colder conditions.
For
examples : one thing I did not quite take in any good consideration
at an earlier said was from about that it often – in any very
cold, over the ten degrees below zero (Celsius), and 'till even as
low as minus 25 C – can get very rough to your breathing, ie lungs.
So, as they say that often skiers get affected for the coughs and
other lung-related harm, I certainly would agree on that. (W. this
experience of the sport.) However, it not really gets to actually too
'problematic' unless skiing by the very much – Something that I've
not actually hobbied but for during by a few latest years. Similarly
as w. all exercise, the amount matters both in good way - and then as
well for the negative. Last year I fx got some early frozen w. having
had too little to wear for covers over my chest. (It mostly resulted
from the late Autumn/early winter winds, which were pretty
'inhospitable', accompanied w. brief icy cold 'rainshowers' at
November - So I fx noticed that recovering my breathing from the
minor colds took a quite good time in the begins by last
skiing-season.)
;
...In consideration about that, some good rest periods between the
tracks and an avoidance for any too cold condition only proper ideas.
Or so I've thenafter discovered. (Of course, I'm not skiing by any
professionally, but at times from 'very' intensively. Or at least
given the fact that my tracks last Winter often were not from any
shortest routes from.)
In
overall, I spent so much time on skis last Winter that to my counting
recorded the quite decent 1426 km's passed. Actually I believe I
would've ended up having skied from more this year. But, then gotten
to that rather disturbing circulatin'...what/how they call
that?...well, nevermind. ; From gotten into that sickening
'infection' for by at least a week's time (or, actually 1.5 maybe...)
around by early April, and that effectively cut my distances
somewhat.
;
Anyway, of this years experiences I'd guess to be spending around
similar amounts time on the track during any forthcoming, from
nearest years. At least as long age would permit so and if we can
then count on the snows and weathers for show us even the any similar
levels the favorable conditions. (Last mentioned is the quite more
uncertain, if I should tell by the very previous years any
experiences on.)
Neverthless,
more km's to be expected...As long as we would have the chance at
least. ; Writings here might prove bit more differing sort aspect.
Actually I've not felt any too serious 'need' by the lately. Yet, who
knows...there's maybe other topics I've not, as yet, come by with any
good considering from.
Could've
also, possibly, discussed more of these – and others from -
ski-related learnings of mine on to this. ; But, this return on my
writings took so long they're simply not very fresh at my mind
anymore. As it now is nearing the Summers.
;
Particularly on, as even by this last year and despite the lot of
snows we had, the conditions weren't always for the most ideal.
(Meant to write of my some observances about it too - but now those
again are already the snows from the 'yester year'. So, I guess,
obliged for to leave it out this too. In during the meantime too much
waters already seems have passed on these Spring-time river-flows.
Can't recall the previous snows from that well anymore.
Unfortunately. (Just the yesterday it actually rained like some
'washbucketfulls' – ie, water of course – from ca of 12 at midday
'till the late midnight. So the very unexpected, unpredictable
weathers seem have arrived here too – Liked the idea about Global
Warming or not. Liked the present felt weathers or not...
So,
that was all of the skiings part.
--------------
[PIC], below : ...From Crepax's Valentina-story ; 'Valentina & Effi : Made in Germany' ; Orig, Feb -82 ; via...Complete Crepax : Dangerous Liaisons, Vol 5 (2021).
; ...One of the best feats at the Crepax's Valentina, I think, being that the expressions by people are always very 'lively'. (Valentina's mostly, of course - After all, she's a main characters at that...But, I mean the people all the way don't look so expressionsless as in a much of the present comics.)
'Alea
jacta est...?' ; ...Part sarcastic – or even
paradoxic - a discovery/aspect was that...probably by large part our
last Winter's “colder” conditions would've adjoined just our
previous Summers heats. (From 'very much' so, actually.) So, if this
for current 'normative' to the expectance from my good-awaited snows
and 'advantageous' Winter-conditions, I'd then find it by some
earnest for seeing the Summer-heats turn out to the more 'overmuch'
as for some new 'regularity'.
In
other words, from to find myself in expectance for some unpleasant
and battering heats again. NOT a very sensible thinkin'...at this
fossil pollution compromised World we're livin' in, by the present,
of course. ; Then, on the other hand - if from gettin' a bit ruthless
to myself, and on others... - that mentioned last Summer's seasonal
heat might've been one for the few 'obstacles' I've noted many others
actually recognizing it as some actual problem.
;
I mean...by the occasioned, you might hear a lot of talk about it.
And then they're all headin' for some IKEA or for to some newest
shopping mall built at (any) former bit of the woods left. Those
“poor” bastards, I mean. The regular peoples, the 'common
people'. But, of course you can't say it that way. As the Big
Oil and the 'Grand Bullshit', indeed, being the most responsible
parties for this whole mess now experienced. The 'normal weathers'
destruction.
But
again, nevermind anything much on, about. Only these few remarks...As
I think there's too much double-talk still. Ending up any these
'moans' still in a very short.
(After
all: ya all also shall reap what ya having sown... As I'm probably
myself only finding those winter weathers for an unpleasant 'new
expectance' myself.) ; No reason for rush on to some false beliefs
that a less fuel-gulpin' new SUVs – or even those always-averted,
but rarely realised consumer affordable EV's, should bring the many
(nowadays) lost natural paradises next for your frontdoor. Or that
any other singular technical 'fix' would return our former winters.
Them actually won't.
-------
;
Of my reads then, here's only fewsome remarks on each. (Accompanying
the above citates.)
And
let us just see to how much, or what much else – there would be
consequenly emerge as anything like 'additions' to those citates.
;
One might guess (that) there expressed “one
careful estimate” (Above citates, see on Scott), could've
already been seen for the discovered having represented – likeliest
– an underestimate.
(I
don't claim myself to have any 'better idea', or being the 'more
aware' 'bout – But to my any familiarity w. the former calculated
demographics, or any 'guesswork' on the population figures in the
distant pasts...Them usually tend having turned out as the
underestimates.) ; For examples, already those recent discoveries of
the S.American rain forests – plus the other evidence I've noted
of, perhaps – might be pointing out that there had been the older,
earlier and then also more 'gradually' developed societies in Amazon.
More populous and more widely 'dispersed' than what still by a
fewsome decades, or so recently, was for assumed.)
;
For the sake of the lenght in these stories, I'm not to go for any
details for this...aspect. Only...Guess there's then 'a plenty' else
also on to this, beyond just those newly discovered, constantly
documentarized ruins at the jungle-woods from Amazonia. (But let us
leave all that be, at least for the time being.)
So,
if the populations (or, civilisations) were even more wider and
earlier dispersed and 'emergin' – And there are various more
interpretations basing on that; for examples, some more
contemplations about on a book by Graeber and Wengrow (elsewhere
on here text also cited...) – What's actually my point-of-view on
this ?
;
Well, alongside, there must be the aspect 'bout those diseases in
concerning humanity's early 'days', the 'misty' prehistoric pasts and
that era we're – sort of – accustomed to call as the
civilization's rise(s). ; And, from additionally to above, Scott
also – on that Against
the Grain (p. 2017.) - points out one important
aspect, I'd guess we shouldn't still leave unmentioned here:
“Epidemic disease
is, I believe, the 'loudest' silence in the Neolithic archaeological
record. ... There are nonetheless good reasons for supposing that a
great many of the sudden collapses of the population centers were due
to devastating epidemic diseases.”
(; p. 97)
Guess
so, at least that well could been, for the quite that way...(But prob., not every place around near similarly. At least it would be difficult - indeed - for us to know now. From about any singular separate cases , to their any 'magnitude' from.)
;
However, thenafter...you are, of course, forewarned that none in the
following (chapter) not any directly relates to this previous
said. As I think the present
aspects still not have a very relevance in compared w. the human
early history. Or the 'prehistorics'. Almost the sole reason I cited
the above, namely, was just due because those passages paid the most
concern on nutriency and diets (,on humanity's early days.) ; ...So
it felt like some slight introduction to this follow-up.
---------
[PIC], above : ...From Crepax's 'Valentina, Philip and Effi : Acute observation' ; Orig. Nov-89, via: Compl. Crepax, Vol 5.
...'the
“zoonotic” era' ; ...And for as one obvious
'following', one then automatically comes for think that (much) on
this current hysteria about 'zoonotic'-diseases must rely, very much,
to the currently mispresented emphasizes/conceptions about the human
(contagious) diseases (,in general). ; Or, would(?) it then be better
say...rely on an underpresented idea(s) 'bout the usual
'global' problems such as malnutrition, hygieny, inadequate living
conditions (/housing). Not to mention the overall silences
'bout the great inequalities in social, health care and fx democracy
- in between the so called “rich” and the “poor” countries in
the world.
;
...If I think for what this so much the medialized,
broadcasted, 'adverted' impression 'bout these few recent years by
incidents and 'happenings' gives as their main leftafter. (Like there
wouldn't happened in the world much anything else but masks, health
crises, global...fear of the disease. Or you tell me – Only saying
this fromafter an 'impression'.)
But
in some other words: the 'zoonotic'-origin seems, quite rapidly,
grown for the faved phrase in some 'medical 'lit.', or in the
professional parlance, better say perhaps ? – And, at the same time
transferred as the word/idea to 'emblem' from this “new”
contagious era – Like for such would then had to also become some
our new normality. ('Normality' where all the forms of 'threats', ao
in form of human diseases, would then simultaneously also easily like
slip away for any need being explained. Sort of an 'era', where one
answer gives away all the other questions needed some asking.)
(Plainly,)
- It merely feel like to serve as excuses from (to) not pay so much/any
concern on a fact that the majority for sufferers of food scarcity in the World
still do inhabit all the 'poorer' countries. 'Elsewhere' from the - so called - 'West'.
That
even seems, sometimes, given as the pretext to avoid discuss some
aspects which one at least does easily recognize by the common senses
as for some obvious causes to many vulnerabilities for the
(discussed) 'global' pandemic(s). ; Ie, meaning by this just that
that a nutrition and general health ('in overall') often have some
majorest importance to how bad - or by what kind outcome - any major
disease, epidemics might emerge. In any particular areas from. In almost any contagious diseases from. (Maybe excluding the rare ones considered "lethal" by any 'first contact' for, to. Which ones, obviously, can't turn out from globally very rapid in spreading.)
...Imagining
that at most parts world nutrition and health might still be in a (slight) better state
than on (say,) at the 1980s. But then there's all the present said about
that 'gorge' between the rich and the poorer for further more expanded, the
climate disruptions often talked about; and the consequent questions fx on future
harvests in the warming World; as well the ecologic 'limits' in our planet
having been found still neared (From alarmingly).
In that look all that concern on just one
disease seems indeed for enshadowing a major number those other
issues.
Thenagain,
they fx often also for pointed-out from number disease(s) whose
former 'decline' was by during an early century noted – or, in
cases at least feared for – return in their new rises. All of that
too has always had some it's 'co-existence' w. the said questions
'bout a (global) poverty. Or, call that global inequality, if wish.
So, I can't quite avoid an impression that a present hysteria just
for an easy medical 'cover' not to acknowledge that still most
victims by the Global Warming tend still, almost by '90 per cent', be
from found inhabiting those 'tropical regions' of the world.
Disease
and poverty always have 'joined', even during any past centuries.
But, more or less, the ecological threats brought by the climatic
changes are a new factor in that 'story'.
So
if we're so very much preparing' for the oncoming age of
'disease'...Perhaps it's better still not forget about anything else
that'd as well does/appears from matter – in any such combination.
...Of
course, there's also more to it. Much more. But the nutriency
necessarily must appear a most important part in concerning any
(possible) epidemies. Fits as much to any of the forthcoming decades,
no matter what the advances brought by – fx – the medical
science.
Of
course there necessary also other 'factors' that would bear some 'role' in
many diseases circulation - Or say: In their continuos 'emergement'. (...Is that an english word? Not too sure.) ; After
all, that's why we still have the so called 'flu-seasons' - and a
number other of the less threatening, circulating diseases around. ; Besides,
probably any 'germs free'-life, existence without anything like the
sort, would be quite more like some...rich man's day dreaming.
In a word; Sort of the idea which only the “rich”, the people of
the 'global' North can actually afford themselves from to dream
about. (Of course, not all for those mentioned are. Not in the same
sense. Not on anything like the same income level.)
;
Naturally I wouldn't advice anyone to venture (carelessly) for any
bats nests. And wouldn't recommend either on eating any bushmeats,
of course. (Without any precautions. Indeed, varia serious human diseases are shared w.
animals. Or, known to have had their origin 'sources' from via human-wild animal contact. Some by
the domestic – and also of the wild species. Indeed the selling and
trade at wild species 'pet markets' should be more controlled –
rather better still, if stopped.)
; But the basic idea 'bout this
'Zoonotic'-origin for emerged as now presently, currently, to a cause
for the now ('newly') recognized threats sounds only just as - unconvincing.
So
lastly, here's then a link to an article at Nature – from further on
that preceded. ; It fx feats - along w. the demand for better control
from the said wild species 'market' ('trade
of live wild animals that pose public health risk') –
also remarkings for the need by stopping from still continued
deforestations ('tropical
and subtropical forests must be protected') ; for
improved biosecurity with farmed animals (that emphasizes 'better
veterinary care') ; and 'fourth', that
“...particularly in hotspots for the emergence of infectious
diseases, people's health and economic security should be improved.”
(...I
guess the last mentioned, very obviously, foremost, does translate as
the means for a better nutrition – 'Stable' economics and decently
enough in foods. And that available and affordable to anyone.)
------------
;
...Furthermore, on their 'base level', any questions on food and
agriculture would always remain behind many other global questions
(Which as well important). Some such are as well number other aspects
affecting the general healths, the already noted issues have to do w.
questions bout the inequality, the social advances...and ecology. ;
...So I don't, obviously, find too much sympathy towards the current
concerns about petroleum. (Or, meaning by that the raised petroleum
prices.) After all, that seems just as some symptoms. ; I think, if
you really think the present prices would having had some 'do' w. any
food scarcities – I don't – then the first sufferers, as usual,
always turn out as the impoverished, and the malnourished. Doesn't
make me think the consumer prices unimportant. - But the whole origin
for it goes back to the same inequalities in the (present)
capitalistic economics – and far less, fx, on anything to it being
from/having to do w. any forethought about already seen climate
'alterations', even. (I think; If they still find themselves like
being in some 'expectancy' for the such, and eager to pay for more,
pay such 'hiked up' prices on their continuous use...I'll let them then pay. Doesn't at all
concern my own thoughts today. But as it often enough being noted, planet neither can 'afford' that 'business'...While it presently looks more like 'cashing in', in my eyes. To my any judging about. But personally, not at all interested about. Can't feel any sympathy anymore towards such obvious calamity. Wouldn't bother invest at any EV either, I drive so little.)
;
Food prices is of course quite different matter. That above citate -
(Goulson, on begins this post) – should combine some things I feel like the most
meaningfull on that part. Actually a bit unfortunate I didn't devote
most of this post on that (farming, food production). Now, the few
following 'passages' to this present one are naturally more or less random
'observances', or are merely a 'referandum' on the whole from it. Well,
can't help that...And wouldn't possibly had the adequate means to say
too much on...that. But their related issues. ------
;
(Also) - From the 'deficiency' in nutrients in domesticated plants –
'contra' the wild ones – there exists actually nowadays amounts
modern studies.
Acc
to those, for ex; To some 20 years, I suppose, there has been talked
'bout how human breeding from most 'common' cultivated crops –
foremost from those fewsome most yielding species, farmed on their
monotonic 'single-crop' fields, which also continuously
overfertilized – has impoverished any nutriency encontained in most
common staples. (Such as wheat, barley, rice, etc. Decline in their
vitaminic contents, along then w. a weakened resistence against fx
some number plant-diseases, via also their genetic variety during
times for had 'diminished'. Leading also then for that ecologically
disastrous use and overuse from the herbicides, ao, etc...)
And
there would now be even more, or other factors - If not always from
(exactly) similarly related to human farming-'methods'. ; The climate
change also seems nowadays commonly said for discovered fx from
affect at the 'nutrient-intake' by plants. (Which thenafter
affecting, ao, on the wild bees visiting those even. ; As I
recall...only on one of those studies Goulson cites there was
mentioned 'bout how the bumblebees might now be forced for visit more
flowers during the day to gain the same 'caloric' intake. In during
'per day', reducing their harvesting efficiency in during the crucial
Months when the nests forming, etc.)
;
All that would've perhaps been very much in place on what
follows/what selected to the latter part (following after this) – But as I
already wrote that follow-up - these aspects now were only shortly
related as on the above paragraph. --------
[Addit;
5.10.22] ; ...One thing I've obviously
come to think a lot, by recently (-andmore, ever sinceafter these
writes on the nutriency an' health) was a question 'bout the decline
in human 'immunologic resistency' – Said resulting of a decades
long global overuses of the antibiotics.
; It might go too far off the topic, if I'd for now include on this
all the lot much from Blaser's
apparently very much in during the past years read book – As it
famously discussed until by then not well understood (or not taken
for serious enough...) consequences in a medical 'failure' in the
treatment for many common know diseases – w. that overuse of
the antibiotics. (...Or, that as a 'medical success'. ; Depending, of course, to how potential harmful one would consider the resulted decline in
the human immunologic 'resistencies'. Nowadays shown to having had
some it's (major) origins in the said overwhelming 'flow' for antibiotic
prescriptions. In the treatment for even the mild illnesses. - Though', cons health, often it being the notoriously difficult define what's "minor", and what's...serious. But, I've no doubt, you get the point-of-view.)
; (Noticing, also, that...)
...Blaser occasional uses a rather...striking terming(s) - like the wording,
such as what he calls for "modern plagues", when referencing to the potential in
previously unseen major pathogens to emerge and the reduced
human resistence against – Just due because of the said.
But,
guess...I'd myself rather think that indeed must've appeared pretty
much 'in the making' – but as w. most future estimates, and given
also the various other 'factors' here to mention (, such as, for not at all least important of few above noted issues ; food, nutriency) ; So
I don't feel here for any estimates for anything cons their present
likehoods (,in a few decades maybe 'half cent'.) ; Let us just notice, not many days priorly it seemed written the global poverty
(and followingly, lack of nutrition - iow: malnutrition) again turned to increases.
;
By anycase, Blaser details the rise by (modern)
'antibiotic-resistent' microbes and connects that for the medical
overuse of antibiotics at modern medicinery. (In during the 1900s,
most part.) One his main finding seems that much for the present
recognized vulnerabiliy to 'new' diseases, or epidemics, might
also appear multigenerational.
In other words, the discovered 'threat', resulted from
antibiotic-overuses to human immunologic-system could hide itself
also potential for lead to a more 'alarming' modern epidemics in the
futures.)
;
...A more 'common-place' conclusion, however, seems found in a relative
widely known increase of the several modern diseases – an issue,
whose acknownledging must date back at least half
a century. (In the “developed North”, at
least that much time past.) Some those often discovered former 'new'
diseases usually situating on an early chilhood (and some not) - But
including many, such as asthma, 'obesity', gluten allergy, diabetes... ;
...Yet, as I think that too nowadays being a relative well known
aspect – And, as there's nowadays intentionally some time tried to
reduce that antibiotics overuse in medicinery (...or, at least that's
often talked bout) – I choose to leave the further details from
about, also aside here.
However,
there's also interesting point-of-view more direct relating on this
nutriency-topic: There's been the decades long overuse from
antibiotics also in the means for stimulating the growth by
livestock- and poultry-animals. (Although, for 'most part', or for
'officially', the practice already having been stopped in the European
countries by some time past now.) ; Thenagain - as I've no intentions
for relate anything particular on that for here either, not by
detailed – Most compactly, perhaps, on Blaser's books at pages
204-5. (The fact that, many places, domesticated animals remained regularly, and continuously, treated w. the antibiotics as the main 'method' for diseases prevention, maybe a most eye-catching aspect. Or, to the eyebrows rising...if you wish.) Or, have yourself for a glance to the more 'case
examples' - on the web, fx; off you go...'hop hop'.
(...Suffices
to me only of mention that the said issue one main reason that'd
nowadays lead me from favor most part the organic foods. From any
meats in concerning. At least always thinkin' nowadays so, as much as
was able afford such, by these days.) -----
;
But, cons – for example – a 'potentiality' in (“useful”)
human microbes 'going extinct'; often forewarned an issue as the
result for that antibiotics overuses, Blaser provided also fx those
few lines, soon following.
I
cite that lastly...as the contents maybe best discussed the very
randomness any antibiotic prescription(s) potentially can
have, can affect in the 'long-term', to one's health. Or, as the more
correct expression, on human healths - in any generational
scale. ; In short, helps that to clarify – for oneself – how
multisided an issue about that human 'microbial-entity' appears.
There
not exists any self-evident dividing between the “good”,
and “bad” microbes. Usually the 'wipe out' from the 'bad' ones,
often by random also affects for a number of 'good' ones. ; Soforth,
indeed, from thinkin an 'accumulation' of antibiotics used in via
their wider uses - in the treatment of illnesses, as well in much at
the past production of those domestic foods - certainly such things
might've well already have had their unforeseen consequences.(For ex;
it's in the newsings, nowadays, quite regularly mentioned how the
amounts present human medicines used also end up in Natures, via the
sewage system. - in the past, probably even as much, and all of it
consequently tends 'flown' to the natural waters. Nobody, exactly,
can't anymore say for how large the resultant long-term impacts by
it. Cons for any longer timescales. And that for just one issue.)
; ...It's indeed also not very possible, as yet, to know very precisely cons how these 'effects' might appear in over-generational level.
So,
relating to all the above said, providing this (shortly) noted;
“...The
critical point is that once population hits zero
[ie, that meaning 'population', in relation to any microbes – they
are little known (perhaps), but tend appear represented most
important functioning part cons a human immunologic
“defense”(-systems), ever since the 'begins of Time'. So...], there is no bouncing back. As far
as your body is concerned, that species is now extinct.
Why might it matter ?
By all rights, those puny species should be inconsequential. But
microbes employ a powerful stratagem for their survival. Any small
population of, say, a few hundred cells can explode in to 10 billion
or more cells by next week. The trigger for their massive bloom could
be some compotent of a food, you've eaten for the first time that
only they have the enzymes to digest. Favoured by a new, exclusive
food supply, the rare microbe goes into overdrive and multiplies by 1
million percent. This blossoming could be good for you, too, because
some of the energy captured in that new food by these microbes might
end up in your bloodstream. But when food is in short supply, which
was generally the case for most humans until quite recently, and
people need to eat unfamiliar plants of animals, it would be useful
to have a repertoire of enzymes to help metabolize a wide variety of
food chemicals. The genes of our flexible partners, our resident
microbes, provide those entzymes.
Now consider what the
conseqeunces might be if one your rare microbes went extinct. ...One
possibility is that it doesn't matter. Perhaps that microbe was a
marginal player, so good riddance. Another possibility is that it is
a 'contingency' organism. You carry it and [variety
for] others in your baggage, ... Loss of such contingency
species might not have much consequence [,
except in 'rare cases', by occasion] ...
Another possibility is
that you need contingency species only at certain times of your life,
...In a way, the loss of contingency microbes represents the loss of
biodiversity. ...Even small decllines in biodiversity can make a
community much more suspectible to an introduced pathogen. , ...it is
the way of nature that pathogens are always present, with more just
over the horizon. “ ; (Blaser),
Missing Microbes. How
killing bacteria creates modern plagues. (2014
; p. 194-6.)
; [Pic], on above. (On ser. Street-Art) ; detail from a graffiti/ street-painting. (Of
Tikkurila, town in Finland.) (; Might that be an injected 'microbe'
riding on a human-enzyme ? ...Or, maybe, imagining that as the
'alien' 'operator' piloting the human DNA....)
[...addit ends.]
-----
(PIC), below ; (, In explained) : The early summer conditions proved as exhaustive, or as burdensome as sometimes is...So it might've taken a bit longer us to return on these writes. But don't worry, there's cure to everything in this life - as there's maybe 'extra nails to every coffin' - and personally I favor the coffee. Works everytime.
Comics short-strip is (again) from Myhre's Nemi. (One of the best among those, if I should say...)
'the
shift'... ; First of all - ...the weather(s). ; One could surely say, we live the interesting
times.
Pretty
much as I'd priorly - perhaps – from expected, the early
Summer-season weathers didn't turn out near for so exhaustive as on a previous one. Or, was that then on a one before the one
preceding...? (Shouldn't matter...here, on this.)
;
Anyway – Now (1.7.) as I return to (these) writes, after the said
cold an' rainier early Summer weeks we've had (about) some 1.5 weeks
now the ca 26-30 C heats. Occasionally by days between, maybe bit
less in degrees, but no rain. Anyway, (that) doesn't sound like very
long dry period – so far – But, just before I got on to writing
this, went outside and felt there a few ('occasional', or more like
'random') drops of water befell over my skin.
So
I came back indoords and checked had the near forecast changed
from...But no.
Or
- not for very much at least. The curious thing being that there now seems promised some showers more of the rain, from during the night. To some hours time, only. Yet, not to be on the following next, but on a night
after. The one before Sunday. And so we're waiting. (...Well, Sunday
coming I don't see there been any rain. Or if so, only been from the very
light pours, like it was during the said previous day, just prior described. By the nights, during some of the earlier days been still the bit more moisturic. In general, this season so far seen nothing like the actual water scarcity - if you look for the ground, I mean.)
...Yet, I
guess most people may recognize the sort anxiety, or 'tension' in
these sort weather conditions. (I imagine/recall the kind of feelin'
must've appear to much more intense in fx, on most equatorial
regions, of course. Nowadays even more so.) ; But that here now,
merely, as it felt like some reminder to how here too these Summery
season weather's can now turn for the more warmer – actually quite
quick and rapidly. In a few days or in a less than a week. Given the
time of year it shouldn't naturally much surprise. Yet, without that
colder Spring we'd probably now felt for having already by this
timing a quite 'suffocating' Summer conditions – ot at least the
'dry-up' would've advanced the more distressing.
That
feelin' I described (, from those few drops a rain, while noted there
a some cooler evening winds & almost llike rainy-looking clouds
forming - but now real rain) ; It was actually much in a some
similarity to those 'atmospheric' decriptions in J.G.Ballard's
The Drought.
(Or, seems that by originally the book was named a Burning
world, [...'burning'? Is it/was that actually, the 'Drowning...' ? check about by yourself...] p. 1964)
By which meaning the intensifications
in expectancy, yet on some levels w. a quite heavy certainty that
weathers aren't for 'the same', anymore. (As my recollecting now,
continuously, tends travel back to most former Junes – And I find
it disturbing, that being fact, still lately the Month felt clearly
the more moisturic.)
Maybe
it's indeed also from now the very 'abrupt' begins to this more
heated season.
But...I
mention that, also now in this warming world – better said
'warmed-up World' - every projection seems for tell that there's
only somewhat same conditions in the expectation. In the very soon years,
or by during these nearest decades already. As it's said only in
every likehood that it would get the more warmer – and less
'reliable' weathers, sort of. (Not a very good expression, I can't
invent any better for this moment...) ; In any climatic 'scenarios',
they also say, all the important changes not concern just the
Summers, obviously. But for the Winters too.
Yet,
I must then additionally say that how the 'phenomena' today felt,
somehow, was being in particular intense. The followed noted on
heatwaves – if I consider our present felt conditions so,
only few weeks by now – leads for the much the similar conclusion. (Sounds alarming, no doubt.) ...I
cite for a just few words from begins of that; “Every
heatwave today was made more likely by climate change...”
Of
course...there's places. And there's heats nowdays, the largest
number places.
The
above mentioned degrees/warmer temperatures here wouldn't feel much
like even as any heat-stress in the certain parts the world. (For
example, from India it was newsed during a Spring (!) - a heat of the 48 C
temperatures. (...'hottest
in 122 years' ; there seems for said, at that ; i-o-w, since from the modern records began to be
maintained.) _But, that link NOT available (...???). - Okei...here then a some page how the general, average temperatures, in March said for appear be. (And on the other seasonal Months from.) ; And, by that recent, I
also fx came of newsing on 'heat-storm' on Italia (w. temp to 35 C,
'thunderstorms warning', and drought.) ; Or, obviously not for in
lack of the alternative places in mentioning, there was newsed (again) from
the Yellowstone and it's floods. ; As Climate 'change', accompanied by the ecologic havoc(s) tends nowadays appear found 'enstrenghtened' and 'in parallel', pretty much, same way in elsew too.
So
a few weeks heat here not quite compares on those/others as for real disasters - by the light those few examples.
Thenagain: It all, and these previous weeks of ours, particularly brought on
my mind in the begins cited few sentences (Patel).
I can't from quite
any manner well estimate what the level/negative effect on worsening
those Indias heats must've originate back for country's (colonial)
pasts, ie the earlier deforestation histories (, perhaps, about from the 17th
century onwards. I suppose, read of it just about that much, imagining the seen level by it, must appear to nowadays mean - a lot.) ; And perhaps even less can estimate about the manner
any urban areas nowadays (more lately) developing, by recent decades,
might have a role in that.
But
it feels that an urbanhood I'm living seems already well on it's way
to a little similar futures – While not in the literal sense, at
least not very near years. Yet, even basis the present rate their
building 'away'' some former left-out spaces – Even a slight,
steady rise overall yearly temps very well can worsen the ecologic
conditions. (...Ya know, I've mentioned before; Asphalt. Already now
a bit less from the tree-covers...You don't actually need to do much
calculating the temperatures any time of year. It's often quite apparent even without.)
And
more so. ; Probably, also are these remarks due of the simple reason
we've not even much accustomed on to this sort weathers, or
temperatures. Or, at least not on anything that was experienced by
the lastest year June.
(PIC) ; from those (Crepax's) compiled Valentina-books. Vol 5 again in the series.
This, apparently, "very famous" drawing is of a story named 'Far from Berlin' (1988, it said for originally published).
;
Still by the lately, 5 to ten years past, I recall that Month (in
overall) felt from the much more moisturous...and so on. While the
more intense Summer warmth, periodically by here, tends begin by
around the same timings as now – usual/often around fromafter the
mid-Summer feast.
So,
unless you spend the whole Summers indoors, couldn't probably
recognized Climate change having had arrived indeed. (Cons for our Summers, too.)
Perhaps I shouldn't concern myself so much to 'details' from this
present local weathery forecast. (Week after seems it promised to little
cooler.)
But my main, foremost impression is; even the Summer-heat now also feels
to somewhat different. (If I compare to former decades, or so.) More
depressive. One of course hears lot about that too, liked said. Of elsew places. Many places
at, clearest discovery in these days.
What
I nowadays also then always more often wonder, ever more, and still more... - Is how much that is becoming followed
by the faster ecological change.
(PIC) ; And, btw, here's yet a one nice pic from my garden, this Month - Hawk-moth visiting the Lonicera periclenemum (ie, European honey-suckles, now groeing at hedge-side)
...Of the species can't be of too sure (Only photographed w. the mobile-phone.) But it was quite early in the evening, on a day still nearby the mid-Summer. (So the light was still quite adequate.) ; Guess that'd may well been the Hyles gallii, the Bed-striped Hawk-moth - prob. to the 'commonest hawk-moth species' on here ranges. Another similar lookin one, ie also plain guess, would appear be Hyles Livornica, Striped Hawk-moth. But that not said quite as common, here range. (And I've actually also left some Gallum, ie Bedtraws to remain growing in the gardens...)
;
For, in our present urbanhood that can still be some level
controlled, or say, possible from 'mitigated'. Green planning and all
the sorts so 'fashioned' solutions, say. Parks and clever
watery-sides 're-created' or the old too open yarsd re-modelled the
more...pleasant. (However, there's limits to the sort approach, were
it for taken seriously now. And the present building 'intense', I
suppose, downscales much the benefits gained, w. that.) ; In the
natural environments – ie, that means mostly, Woods here - I
think...not. And you already see some changes. (...Despite that, besides theres' lot
that can be done w. newly 'naturalizing' some ranges and re-establishing - more importantly - the wild species habitats. Ao, fx, with aid by some number declined species. Said as they also presently much talk about, ao those things. They nowadays also call the sort projects for as
'rewilding', in the Britain, btw. With some successes, apparently indeed – there's mentioned the beavers, as some re-introduced species also. But here's, perhaps, a more recent Guardian-article on cons to that - so let the mention suffice us, here.)
Anycase, amongst this 'range' , the northern "vast" woods, is fx then this one issue: the conifers ; And I've
increasingly also come to wonder about those too... (Or at least, by some amount.) -------
One
can still recognize some effects left by the last years (/the
former years) “major” dry-spell here.
For example, often when on
walks at the woods I tend pay more attention on the dried-up conifers
I see. Not every places, there's fx ranges where I think you see them
not much disturbed, at all. Then there's also spots where you, sort
of, see the 'affected' specimen from 'striving' – seen only
dried-up from the lower twigs, but the tops seem growing
quite...'gregariously' still. And then is died-out examples.
Sometimes in quite surprising places. You here fx see, quite
steadily, often there being some died-up conifers (or other trees...), on almost any forest-edge.
(Those places being where them usually most vulnerable to any
climatic alterations, changes in ecologic condition, etc, ao...) Can be
seen on any inner part of the woods too – the soil, the natural
ecological cycles, there's many 'workings' affecting to that. Some dead wood also appear belong in the natural-cycle at any boreal woods here.
Yet,
the clearest finding is that one tends see more of those, by
nowadays. Perhaps in the most "expectable" places, or 'spots' at...but more from.
...Had
a one Nature's article here checked, about the effects from Global
warning now more recognized to affect the woods on higher elevations.
I also had – for this place, btw – an article for the observed
increase in the percentage of the canopy-level dying in the
European woods/tree-species. (Also from those Natures articles,
science-studies) – But those can't now be discovered to this use.
(So, maybe you're allowed to check from those better, by yourself.
I'm not bothering here for the more specifically spend my time to
're-check', as them seem not to be where should've been found...)
Maybe
it's (no doubt is...), by large part, from the previous misguided manners of
the forestry methods, mainly by those monotonous (and 'monolithic') one tree-species cultivations. (As we
have much of those sort coniferous ranges, planted maybe still so
overwhelmingly as near as some ten to twenty years past. Or, 'till
later, I don't know too well...)
; Or maybe it's then more of that general
change in the Climates. Maybe even the some pest species more
successfully now emergin'. (...While all I've come by, actually seems say
that when the economic forestry methods in the most effectively, increased mechanized
and 'whole-scale', got brought to being maintained, some of the typical - and most troubling - wood-borer insects only increased from 'striving'.) ; ...In short, in fact thinkin; When such forestry
cultivation system(s) were 'introduced' in the 1950s onwards, that
also caused a certain ecological 'disruption', increasing certain
species – while number others went down – or, extinct even, as
related histories for some amount those wood-borer insects here. A
small number, maybe – but the important some actually, no doubt for
about. And in short: You can't actually introduce some 'single'-species forestry without risking for number problematical factors: the said 'pests', water-scarcity maybe important such issue in any ecological futures, the other consequent aspects following from such decline of a natural diversity.
(; Since that time the forest wood must've to some part recovered – But the same
ecological 'disruptions' today, must've part still also fuel this conifer
'decline'. Or, also somewhat as much as the now seen faster climatic
warm-up.)
One
of course sees much part the more 'affected' conifers also in more natural kept forestries here. It clearly not returns
solely for wrong cultivation 'methods' – but also for number other
aspects related. (Not the least former declined amounts mixed woods,
and former prevailed manner of establishing those one-species
coniferous woods.) And climate; warm-ups, “drought” and the
changes in winter temperatures too. ---------
I
mention that, as it being also smght I can't have had for avoided, on
several occasions, to noticed. With some looks, from the several/most
woods where having walked the more around. ; Whatever the current
'projection' of the future followings – the conifers clearly seem
now in quite brief time (decade, fewsome more heated Summers), taken
the more of a hit.
;
And, I believe that not all to be seen.
(PIC) ; ...Another nice view from "nearby" - 'though I don't for how long (,as they're presently building this area w. the new housings, etc....). It too being those European honey-suckles - not quite sure if it from the same variety ('cultivar'). But apparently quite old bush, seems spread for the ground-levels from that patio of an overlooked old 'shack'.
Located the place only after had for planted those honey-suckles in my own garden. Life's quite full of 'coincidencies' - Ya sometimes come to think...
At
least as the one-tree cultivation method appear still typically used
in some from the 'adjusted' level. The original 'mixtured'
development in typical cultivated forest not so much takes place, 'though that has become maybe the more favored. Or in general is more
favored.
;
But let us leave off the more detailed from this. Or, as for any
specifics 'bout, anyone can well observe the issue by oneself. I mean, these findings merely only fromafter some casual walks and observances. ; Means
it all then had to be left of this short remark. Without having the
said few source-articles I had from formerly overall glanced for
about, around...
(;
So, wouldn't say the conifers aren't found still quite 'striving', in
places. But it seems the predicted consequences in this present climatic
'burden' now gotten on 'em the more heavily. In the more
long run – them maybe even on a 'way out' here. Not perhaps
complete – not solely after from, or as not for the only present ongoin' ecologic, naturally followed 'changes'. But somewhat similarly as I've watched the pressing alterations on a
common landscape which it was, still by my early years. And I also wonder what would be
seen realized as the outcome from all the said consequent followings...)
...At
least in the southern parts country, in the coastal range of the
land, conifers likely are to be forced retreat within (some) time. In a way
that's becoming even interesting see – few decades, half the
century's time (?) ; Or, even faster (?), as the climate 'shift'
maybe more faster. And, that then wouldn't probably not represent to most pleasant findings, or development to be seen.
Of course, this Northern 'zone' ecologically - in many ways also culturally - has been 'since immemorial times', always been a conifer-range. (Besides them are, fx, in their most extent found appear after certain latitudes for nearer both poles. Due because from generally preferring the bit more colder ecologic range. Most species favor the temperate climatic zones.)
; It doesn't feel a too...self-evident that would in a very near future from totally change. But as the speed of change already in the global 'warm up' continuously said having exceeded all previous predictions - there's no way saying how rapid the conifer decline could become. Or a 'retreat'. (Also, btw...there's then as well the increased concerns about - forest fires.)
----------------
(PIC), ...In the meanwhile/ while waitin' the 'follow-up' - ...Why not have a (better) look at these 'grandiose' landscape-sights. (Canyon...and above that, a 'drowned Sun'.) ; It's from Leloup's Yoko Tsuno-stories. Precisely, 'Les 3 soleils de Vinea' (,p. 1979 originally.)
-----------------
(Section...'Latter' - the 2nd pt.) ; (added 14.10.2022.)
“As
with the Americans, the persistent theme of the fall of existing
civilizations is a lodestone to which the eugenics are all
magnetically drawn. In the US, replacement of populations is the
dominant threat; in the UK, it is more tethered to the rise of an
underclass. Immigration features in both.”
;
”The
number of coerced sterilizations continues to fall in North America,
but the wish to control the reproduction of those still deemed
undesirable by some persists. In 2020, there were reports that up to
twenty women undergone involuntary sterilisation in Immigration and
Customs Enforcement Detention centres.
Today
in Saskatchewan, Canada, there is an ongoing class action in response
of hundreds of First Nation Women, as recently as 2018. In 2021, the
discoveries of mass graves of children in Canada began to filter out
into the world. Residential schools were an attempt by the state to
erase First Nations people from the citizenship, by cultural
assimilation. They operated between 1863 and 1998, and were primarily
run by the Catholic Church, which elsewhere in the twentieth century
had so vociferously opposed eugenics. During that time, more than
150,000 indigenous children were sent to these boarding schools. But
they were more like prisons, with unsanitary conditions, where
children were not allowed to speak their languages nor practice their
customs, and were frequently abused. Thousands died. In June 2021,
the unmarked graves of 751 children were found at the site of the
Marieval indian Residentialschoold in Saskatchewan, which ran from
1899 to 1997. In May, the bodies of 215 children, some as young as
three, were found near the city of Kamloops in British Columbia,
presumed to be pupils at the Kamloops Indian Resedential School.
These discoveries will continue.
Around the rest of the
world, the imposition of control by the state continues vigorously
well into the present day. The Chinese one-child rule implemented in
1979 evolved into a two-child policy only in 2015, and three in 2021.
But only eleven years before that, it was modified with the Iron Fist
Campaign – the compulsory sterilisation over the course of three
months of 10,000 women who had violated the law by having more than
one baby. ...many years, the Uyghurs, ...have been persecuted for
their religious and cultural practices, ...hundreds of
thousands...been interned in socalled re-education camps around the
country. ...reports claim that by 2019, Xinjiang region 'planned to
subject at least 80 per cent of women of... [etc.]”
(Rutherford)
- Control. Dark History and Troubling Present of Eugenics
(; p. 113 ; 154-5.)
; (PIC), an above ship: from Red
Beard (1970s) ; story 'Defiau Roy' (1964...supposin'.) - Notice the oars.
“I
reach now for the victim who is not easy for me to overcome: my own
past. Perhaps this victim will flee from me with a speed that equals
my own. Whatever, I seek now a victim that I have never faced. And
there is the thrill of the hunt in it, what the modern world calls
investigation.”
: (Anne Rice)
– Pandora. New
Tales of the Vampires.
(novel, publ. -98 ; p. 2.)
'Preferably,
do not have any kids. Rather better, also think this as direct
following from the Nature's laws - Some (We've) now exclusively
having discovered...' ; No doubt, the most
troubling questions in the eugenics [*] would, does appear to how
such misplaced claims and erring views about the hereditarism seem can have
been able held in some place, able having casted a such long-lasted
'shadow' till so far ? Some of it enlasting, at least in part, at the nowdays beliefs
and on humanity's value-systems at the present days.
; Perhaps
wisely, perhaps regrettably, I decided to deal at the following said relative little w. that present.
( * : a small (but irritating) detail - I know notice in the following text more usually written that as 'eugenistics'. Or, to 'eugenism'. - Nevermind...from that.)
Obviously,
if I did, that would make my following presented few relates more
useful on any current interest(s).
;
But it has to be also admitted: I mainly cited the above selection
(Rutherford) because of just that particular reason: My own
familiarity to anything like the said “present” - It's from quite
more scattered, in compared to what I think having myself 'gathered
together' related to the it's pasts.
(Photo), Right next to this: Winter-scenery. Photogaphed when the last years coldest weeks.
;
No denying, the above cited demands/benefits of little repettance
from it's said unpleasing findings. I mean, fx, the word such as;
'unmarked graves from 751 children'. The
'...bodies of 215
children, ...presumed to be pupils at the Kamloops Indian Resedential
School' – I also
suspect, that despite these newsings must've via the nowadays
worldwide media-channels, having had their wider coverage – much of
these issues (/'anything more to it') probably still does remain
relative little 'reached', at least not very much more
comprihensively recognized, by most citizens in this today's
networked, advanced Globe. (Living in our European societies. This
not even of needs the mentioning from anything cons the 'America'...)
So
I had a thought, could've chosen to further about these aspects
presenting to this little more via my own readings – those are,
again, only very 'scattered' – fx, from the
Carlisle indian boarding school.
(Including it's history in general, more particulars to. Etc.)
Carlisle, after all, was perhaps the most well-known american indian
'civilizing' center during by and untill for that early 1900s.
And
in practice, there were advanced those very same methods meant to
assimilating the indian offspring to at the time american society.
Basically, it was purported via 'capturing' the numerous american
indian children for it's “education”-program and then after that
'method' repeated in various other similarly organized indian
boarding schools. Sometimes/often the children that were brought to
such places could very young.
;
One can find, of course, can seek for some alleviating viewpoints to
these histories, if think in some needs/cause for seeking such. For examples,
could be maintained that during the 1800s any so called 'boarding
schools' were more often that not quite bad-reputed learning places.
They also notoriously often had the very high children mortality
rates. ; One reason to that is discovered, ao, in that there also
elsewhere in an English-speaking world, there rather rarely was any
well-organized overall school-system. (Or the education, especially
for any “lower” classes was still in the hands by any voluntarist
individuals, its any more general organisation in lacking. Pretty
much case so for past the 1800s. Around fromafter the midst by the
century the vast disadvantages of those circumstances started to
inspire the purposes for establishing more wider comprihensive
education.) ; So, I now represent on this only a one sole example
cons those ills by the time. Some underlining the well-known bad
state of health and survival in much part of then days privately kept
schools: The two oldest Brönte-sisters – in addition for the much
better known writing-siblings; Those whom rather widely famed still
presently, from due their classic novels written in the 1840s –The
older siblings to said, fx, did actually die after from having
remained for a year or couplesome at some such ill-fated boarding
school. ; Those older Brönte-siblings weren't even for very
young ones. (And, naturally the child mortality, by the time, was in
rather different proportions than what we assume to most places
nowadays.) For ages maybe around 6-10 year age, if I now happen recall
from that any correct. As the result of it, their younger siblings
then were taken off, or alternatively not at all sent for those said
school. And if I recall about that...Patrick Brönte (,their father) afterwards
selected for home educatoress, or then decided to provide the basic schooling
to his children from personally.
; One could also say that any 'conditions' advancing
the untimely deaths by those older Bröntes may have contained much
of same as in the cited N.American examples (View that above Rutherford-quoted.); Some most common causes/'backgrounds' to the child mortality were/often did result fx from the
inadequate care, harshness (unnecessary punishments, or in more generally,
the characteristics of that discipline, acc what was typical for the 1800s 'standard'); the bad
treatment, general indifference, cold, inferior foods, loneliness, and
likewise often the neglected hygienics...plus all the lot else relating on those.
Also,
in cases, the indigenous parents as well might've made from similar
conclusions and decided of to take their children away from any
boarding school in the time – If they happened have the choice, or
any possibility for. Yet, in the circumstances from an early 1900s
racially, culturally and socially biased politics at the N.Americas -
their alternatives for any sustaining income or for children
achieving the education were often very limited. (For examples, even
official citizen rights were not admitted to the indian peoples not
before 'till the y. 1924.) Chances from the survival of minor
children might've often also appeared even less promishing in their
impoverished homes (/or their home 'counties' and reservations.) ; Of
course, any cases by any singular example might've differed. Also not
all children necessary died. The most lucky, or maybe some otherways
'preferred', could've then even achieve a “better life” - if they
lived to the later years. At least in cases.
;
Yet, the prior remarked no way of course dimishes the complete
perversity of how the described assimilationally-motivated system
operated. So, for to give bit clearer impressions of that – decided to place
here only the brief below description about that Carlisle
(Indian boarding School). It gives some idea, why that - as much as
the most other simultaneous ones – were for so notoriously
bad-reputed. ; Now, afterwards the some century's silences about it
makes not any difficulty discovering about what that simply was:
plain crimes and inhumanity. ------
...Dwelling
upon this subject only to such brief passages, perhaps too because I've
(by earlier) already presented at least a few good sources to these
histories.
I
also guess we'd easily these days find the number others from. I
mention some those at the below, if them happen cross my mind in the
meanwhile. If not – Well, at least that above ones does give some
clues for the scope of this issue. Or, not the less importantly, the
general 'silence' that might've remained – more or less....past the
much 1900ian histories. Especially in thinkin the histories
written...perhaps before the 1980s/-90s.
(Supposin'.-
I claim not from posses the very clear comprihensive reads on these
histories. You might also do good for confirm some for my relates, or
any years in precise, from elsewheres.; My own reads to much this,
like noted, have only sporadically emerged during by some most recent
past years – and naturally these have been very varied. That's
actually another reason why I'd rather not now to enlarge on this
subject.)
Yet, also having to notice that on Carlisle and other indian boarding
school histories there obviously is now quite more sources, if one
wished to study about that. I think the subject having become well
covered by at least from the 1980s onwards.
(...In
fact, I suppose the Net isn't nearly as good place to seek for some
more current knowledges about this. Of course, there probably is lots
memoirs, and not the less likely, web-pages on this in particular.
But I think, one might more easily lose the main 'trails' if too much
relying on that. As the most often discovered setbacks, or caveat in
any search of the present-time 'super-information-highways'. In
short, sometimes any mis-selection of the 'hot tracks' there,
resultaviely tends/can lead to the less rewarding path.)
;
Lewandowski's (of whose book the below citate) doesn't exactly
devote so much place on this subject solely. By now I actually notice
he that seems relying, ao sources, on just one more modern source (ie,
if for any interest to this, probably that mentioned source appears
easiest available one...) ; Namely, he mentions Adams'
Education for
extinction: American
Indians and the boarding school experience, 1875-1928
– And that seems been published already by the 1995.
What
comes for any more recent Carlisle-studies, think I'd myself paged at
least several by casually, maybe earlier even had some for mentioned
before. And maybe along these discoveries by the recent times (2018,
2020, 2021...acc Rutherford), very probably, there's been furthermore
other sources as well.
(;
This now also now recalls for mind that....of inspired by the below
referred – I actually at the time read through also that Adams. No
further praises here, but it also a good book on the topic. Well
worth the reading, too.)
But on that Carlisle...And as I of relative recent read this intressant
Lewandowski's biography on Zitkala-Sa (Red
bird, Red Power. The
life and legacy of, from 2016)...; Let's then cite
lastly for a following few passages, here:
(PIC),
left to this:
Yoko
Tsuno-comics (Leloup)
; from
'La Frontiére de la Vie',
story is about from year...well, the 1970s. (See
how impressive the building drawn...)
“Pratt's
institution could not be described as a comforting place, despite
it's compartively enlightened mission. Designed to eradicate all
vestiges of Indian cultures from its wards, the school's program
killed indian inside by breaking down students' nascent understanding
of themselves through ridiculing indigenous ways. ...The school's
narrative thus judged all that was Christian and white as good, and
all the attributes that marked indigenous peoples as constituting
heathenism. ...Living conditions, particularly during the first
years, were dreary. Students even lacked beds. The
nature of the environment is best indicated by an incident that
occurred a year after the school opened. A friendly visit by Brule
Sioux Chief Spotted Tail, who had personally turned over by some of
his tribe's children to Pratt on a recruiting trip, quickly developed
into an escape attempt. After witnessing the misery and homesickness
among the children he had sent, Spotted Tail returned to Carlisle,
gathered his children, grandchildren, and another young relative, and
exited under the proteciton of his entourage. Pratt, overwhelmed and
fearful of a mass escape attempt by the remaining students, was
stymied. He recovered in time to send his men after a few homesick
children who had run away during the confusion. One small Oglala girl
found hiding in a train car in Harrisburg was returned, screaming and
weeping hysterically. Such incidents did not alter Pratt's beliefs.
(His version of events described Spotted Tails children and
grandchildren begging to remain at Carlisle.) ...
Pratt's
military background shaped the character of Carlisle, where students
wore uniforms, marched, and performed drills. He stood as the highest
authority – known as the ever-watchful 'Man-on-the-band-stand.'
...An 1895 article on Carlisle in the New England Magazine recorded
that many 'moral and religious influences are brought to bear on the
pupils...moral teaching is made part of the social life, and enters
into all activities of the school. In light of such treatment, it is
unsurprising that the Oglala Sioux writer and intellectual Luther
Standing Bear, one of Carlisle's most illustrious graduates, spent
his first years at the school convinced that he might be killed at
any moment. “
;
“ Carlisle's graduation rates were notoriously low, 12.5 percent.
Compliant students eventually earned diplomas. For boys this
signified that they had learned a trade, such as farming or
blacksmithing. ...
Pratt
considered the remaking of indigenous girls into honorable women as
not only an aim itself, but as vital to the success of his entire
project. Transforming Native females was the route to reforming
Indian males, and without honorable women, acculturating males was
pointless. ... In consequence, Carlisle scheduled a heavy measure of
domestic labor, from baking and sewing to laundering and maid work.
Students were often outsourced to provide free services in local
homes. Also fundamental was expunging the indian female within the
girls. Carlisle encouraged the girls to reject and discard
traditional practices inherited from their mothers and grandmothers.
Severing this familial bond was a necessity, Pratt observed, because,
'it is the women who cling most tenaciously to heathen rites and
superstitions, and perpetuate them by instructions to their
children.' Due to their radically different modes of existence,
indigenous women were stereotyped as 'stupid' and sexually 'lewd'.
Successfully remolding Native girls in the image of genteel
womanhood, then, was a paramount accomplishment. ... [Etc.]”(:
p. 28-29, 30.; 31.)
------------
(Addit
; 25.10.22) :
“The
era of Jackson, however, bloodied and then divided ...White forged
their empire of liberty by embracing a narrow definition of
citizenship and excluding millions from a narrative of progress.” ;
“Yet,
as long as Americans cultivate amnesia regarding the unpleasant
historical truths, we continue to reap the legacies of the Jacksonian
era, when the adolescent empire coalesced around the principles of
intolerance, exclusion and racial injustice.”
...In
the few previous sentences Snyder comes perhaps closest in
combining her historical analysis of the Jacksonian era history to some
very apparent 'parallels' that'd possible to draw from that far to
our present. Indeed, myself thinkin' that does show some striking similarities w. said 1800ian period – Whatever the period of years we then might like to enlimit meaning our current "present", the now ongoing early 'millenial'. (Naturally, I have to admit, did
select those couple above sentences from 'midst' the text's narrative, of the
few different places – Mainly on w. an idea that I'd not need dig
more deeper from any of that said, not at the following.)
Could've
possibly devoted the still more space in covering some major
characteristics from those two Jacksonian presidential-terms, by
the 1820s 'till the mid-1830. Such as the expansivist politics which were
being executed during by that era. – The Jacksonian 'era' most
often is nowadays also known of his notorious politics favoring and leading for the
'Indian Removal'.
Ie...in
the briefest; That period of stealths, forced evictions and annexation of the vast areas
land from tribes whom to prior that had past the centuries
lived there regions. It's infamous histories, infamous also due because from the many
subsequent followed broken treaties. And then, in some subsequent 'aftermath' to the
referred Jackson's two terms...also then in the followed years, was the
foreign war. (Or, war(s) – if one then advances this timeline
further to as far as the 'civil war' (1860s) and thenafter, the
'Indian wars' in the West.)
;
But, furthermore also an equally 'neat comparison' can then be found of an economic downturn - realized during by the years after Jackson's
presidency. On during the term from his successor. (Who then somewhat
scornly, at the time seems said been called for a 'pet-name',
Martin-van-Ruin. A twist from his actual name, that Martin van Buren.)
(;
...As, there on Buren's years situates what the often referred for 'collapse'. In the history books that seems usually go by the name for 'panic of 1837'.
; Along w. from some, few 'lesser' periods of an economic
recession...during by then further some subsequent years. - So, in yet
another similarity we seem notice that a (foreign) war can be a good
business – for a briefer period of time. For the fewsome. To the
society, as well as most typically from concerning a democracy, too -
Always catastrophe. And not to say anything further on this cons the
(common) people, the tax-payers and...Well, etc., etc.)
Yet
– as I mainly came to consider what much for supplementing an
above written section, its perhaps easiest, again, if from to offer
'the mains' here in a few selective picks' below.
;
Happens...that I came to read Snyder's intressant book (Great
Crossings.
Indians,
Settlers & Slaves in the Age of Jackson,
2017.) only after/within from writing that. – So,
still prior this I didn't really consider in those (my) few
enbriefings 'bout that Carlisle, fx, that to it's any backgrounds
there obviously is quite longer histories in former existed indian
schools. (...though', after all, additionally one can also fx discover
that by the early 'colonial' years there were indian students in
several schools by the eastern coast. Already by that 1600s. Also,
one comes also to think that then-'times' the basic education was at least occasionally, if not foremost, established for to serve 'needs' to
servants for various white settler-families. But obviously that all would've gone beyond any limits of this. Besides not too well familiar to most of that.)
..Anyways, I assume there by nowdays must exist quite plenty of books on
anything that'd become more relevant to view to this. Meaning, if wished to study more
better about these referred 'education'-histories.
Snyder's
coverage of the 'Choctaw academy's histories is only some to
my own recent readings. Which, quite extensively, and "more so", were
been devoted on the complete different topics, actually, mostly... ; (And, btw, hope that Wikip-link of any use - In my finding it returns only the merest brief, very limited details on that.)
; Hence, next would be presented only for to
somewhat 'widen' any historical 'frames' for the said removal-policies, on
the Jacksonian-'era'. (Which period was also on an above described.) And how those are clearly seen in connected to...how those accompanied a number other related issues (ao slavery,) - cons for that, here then this following cited :
“Indian
removal had paved the way for a parallel African American experience,
in which 750,000 enslaved people were sold down the river to the
notoriously harsh slavery of the expanding cotton frontier. Rather
than dying out, as many Americans had hoped, slavery boomed in the
Jacksonian era. The opening of Indian land led to greater demand,
which doubled and even tripled the value of slaves. Fair young women
like Parthena, sold as 'fancy girls' sometimes fetched the highest
price of all. Kentucky was at the heart of this noxious commerce.
Beginning in the 1830s, Kentuckians sold 2,300 slaves south annually,
and thousands of others – mostly slaves but also kidnapped free
blacks – from elsewhere in the Upper South passed through the
state. Parthena was captured during the peak of the slave-trading
season and likely sent to one of nearby Lexington's slave markets.
The largest, owned by Lewis Robards, was a theater that had been
converted into a slave jail. Even after Parthena was sold, she might
have had to remain in jail of a slave pen for several weeks, until
the dealer filled his quota. Because she was sold in late summer,
Parthena probably marched overland in chains into the Deep South,
beginning at sunup, walking until early afternoon, eating meals of
bread, cheap meat, and coffee.”
(; p. 214.)
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